04 LINUX上bash的基础特性(二)¶
4.1 命令别名¶
alias cdnet=”cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts”
针对用户的别名: “~/.bashrc”
针对系统的别名:”/etc/bashrc”
重读配置文件:source /path/to/config.file
unalias:撤销别名
4.2 glob通配¶
- 代表任意长度的任意字符
- ?: 表示任意单个字符
- []:匹配指定范围的任意的单个字符
- [^]:取反
- [alnum]:所有字母和数字
- [:alpha:]:字母
- [:digit:]:数字
- [:lower:]:小写字母
- [:upper:]:大写字母
- [:punct:]:标点符号
- [:space:]:空白字符,不是仅仅空格
4.3 bash快捷键盘¶
- ctrl+L:
- ctrl+a:
- ctrl+e:
- ctrl+u:
- ctrl+k:
4.4 bash i/o重定向¶
- >
- >>:
- 2>
- 2>>
- > a.txt 2 > &1
- >>a.txt 2>> &1
tr
[root@centos6 dirtest]# tr 'a-z' 'A-Z' < /etc/fstab
#
# /ETC/FSTAB
# CREATED BY ANACONDA ON TUE NOV 7 15:31:40 2017
#
# ACCESSIBLE FILESYSTEMS, BY REFERENCE, ARE MAINTAINED UNDER '/DEV/DISK'
# SEE MAN PAGES FSTAB(5), FINDFS(8), MOUNT(8) AND/OR BLKID(8) FOR MORE INFO
#
UUID=AA4C5795-C48C-4E21-B5A2-31198C603E8D / EXT4 DEFAULTS 1 1
UUID=0733A859-9567-48D3-88B1-B8D1FBEBBBA0 /APP EXT4 DEFAULTS 1 2
UUID=53B38D7C-322C-484D-B108-5C8191251531 /BOOT EXT4 DEFAULTS 1 2
UUID=38651A9B-10AB-4218-960B-D0EBB9CBAA54 SWAP SWAP DEFAULTS 0 0
TMPFS /DEV/SHM TMPFS DEFAULTS 0 0
DEVPTS /DEV/PTS DEVPTS GID=5,MODE=620 0 0
SYSFS /SYS SYSFS DEFAULTS 0 0
PROC /PROC PROC DEFAULTS 0 0