18.2. fio¶
fio是一款测试磁盘的工具， 用来对硬件进行压力测试和验证， 支持13中i/o引擎， 包括sync、mmap 、libaio、posixaio、SG v3 、splice、null 、network、syslet、quasi、solarisaio。
18.2.1. fio的安装¶
yum install fio
18.2.2. 主要选项说明¶
- -filename
指定设备
- -direct
测试过程是否绕过机器自带的buffer。
- -rw
指定读写操作
- -bs
单次io的快文件大小
- -bsrange
指定数据块的大小范围
- -size
测试的总大小
- -numjobs
线程数量
- -runtime
执行测试时间
- -ioengine
io引擎使用的引擎
- -rwmixwrite
在混合读写的模式下，写占比
- -group_report
汇总每个进程的信息
- -lockmeme
只使用特定的内存进行测试
- -zero_buffers
用0初始化系统buffer
- -nrfiles
每个进程生成文件的数量
18.2.3. 使用样例¶
[root@localhost ~]# fio --name=randrw --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=1 --rw=randrw --bs=4k --direct=0 --size=512M --numjobs=2 --runtime=240 --group_reporting
randrw: (g=0): rw=randrw, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=1
...
# fio的版本信息i
fio-3.1
# numjobs=2 指定2个线程
Starting 2 processes
randrw: Laying out IO file (1 file / 512MiB)
randrw: Laying out IO file (1 file / 512MiB)
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [m(1),_(1)][100.0%][r=16.0MiB/s,w=16.4MiB/s][r=4342,w=4201 IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
randrw: (groupid=0, jobs=2): err= 0: pid=25803: Sat Feb 2 16:20:57 2019
# iops 表示每秒执行的平均io
# bw 表示平均带宽速率
read: IOPS=7478, BW=29.2MiB/s (30.6MB/s)(512MiB/17533msec)
# slat 提交延迟，提交io操作需要的时间 , 单位usec
slat (usec): min=18, max=14344, avg=225.05, stdev=172.91
# 完成延迟，表示从提交到完成io部分的时间。
clat (nsec): min=0, max=1242.3k, avg=1483.65, stdev=5527.58
# lat 总延迟
lat (usec): min=21, max=14348, avg=227.36, stdev=173.24
clat percentiles (nsec):
| 1.00th=[ 1080], 5.00th=[ 1144], 10.00th=[ 1176], 20.00th=[ 1208],
| 30.00th=[ 1240], 40.00th=[ 1272], 50.00th=[ 1288], 60.00th=[ 1320],
| 70.00th=[ 1352], 80.00th=[ 1448], 90.00th=[ 1592], 95.00th=[ 1720],
| 99.00th=[ 2352], 99.50th=[ 10304], 99.90th=[ 26240], 99.95th=[ 47872],
| 99.99th=[119296]
bw ( KiB/s): min= 7709, max=33178, per=54.15%, avg=16197.16, stdev=5754.47, samples=63
iops : min= 1927, max= 8294, avg=4048.92, stdev=1438.64, samples=63
write: IOPS=7473, BW=29.2MiB/s (30.6MB/s)(512MiB/17533msec)
slat (nsec): min=0, max=1400.7k, avg=12401.49, stdev=24990.11
clat (nsec): min=0, max=1074.7k, avg=686.86, stdev=4097.04
lat (nsec): min=1, max=1403.7k, avg=13265.30, stdev=25803.09
clat percentiles (nsec):
| 1.00th=[ 438], 5.00th=[ 446], 10.00th=[ 454], 20.00th=[ 470],
| 30.00th=[ 478], 40.00th=[ 482], 50.00th=[ 490], 60.00th=[ 502],
| 70.00th=[ 516], 80.00th=[ 548], 90.00th=[ 1080], 95.00th=[ 1304],
| 99.00th=[ 1736], 99.50th=[ 2096], 99.90th=[ 18816], 99.95th=[ 46848],
| 99.99th=[148480]
bw ( KiB/s): min= 7119, max=33771, per=54.16%, avg=16189.49, stdev=5878.14, samples=63
iops : min= 1779, max= 8442, avg=4047.00, stdev=1469.53, samples=63
lat (nsec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 500=28.49%, 750=15.14%, 1000=1.17%
lat (usec) : 2=53.90%, 4=0.83%, 10=0.07%, 20=0.28%, 50=0.07%
lat (usec) : 100=0.03%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
lat (msec) : 2=0.01%
cpu : usr=2.67%, sys=45.16%, ctx=120818, majf=0, minf=55
# io深度
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
# io提交
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
# io完成
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
# io发出的读写修正请求数
issued rwt: total=131115,131029,0, short=0,0,0, dropped=0,0,0
# 指定延迟目标所需的io深度
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
READ: bw=29.2MiB/s (30.6MB/s), 29.2MiB/s-29.2MiB/s (30.6MB/s-30.6MB/s), io=512MiB (537MB), run=17533-17533msec
WRITE: bw=29.2MiB/s (30.6MB/s), 29.2MiB/s-29.2MiB/s (30.6MB/s-30.6MB/s), io=512MiB (537MB), run=17533-17533msec
Disk stats (read/write):
dm-0: ios=130973/91837, merge=0/0, ticks=24452/16817, in_queue=41323, util=99.83%, aggrios=131115/91858, aggrmerge=0/60, aggrticks=24545/16724, aggrin_queue=41147, aggrutil=99.68%
sda: ios=131115/91858, merge=0/60, ticks=24545/16724, in_queue=41147, util=99.68%