9.15. redis安装和常用类型¶
9.15.1. redis安装¶
[root@centos-151 ~]# yum install redis
[root@centos-151 ~]# rpm -ql redis
/etc/logrotate.d/redis # 日志滚动的
/etc/redis-sentinel.conf # 高可用相关配置
/etc/redis.conf # redis主配置文件
/etc/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service.d
/etc/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service.d/limit.conf
/etc/systemd/system/redis.service.d
/etc/systemd/system/redis.service.d/limit.conf
/usr/bin/redis-benchmark
/usr/bin/redis-check-aof # 检查aof
/usr/bin/redis-check-rdb # 检查快照文件
/usr/bin/redis-cli # 命令终端
/usr/bin/redis-sentinel
/usr/bin/redis-server
/usr/lib/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service
/usr/libexec/redis-shutdown
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.10
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.10/00-RELEASENOTES
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.10/BUGS
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.10/CONTRIBUTING
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.10/MANIFESTO
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.10/README.md
/usr/share/licenses/redis-3.2.10
/usr/share/licenses/redis-3.2.10/COPYING
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-benchmark.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-check-aof.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-check-rdb.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-cli.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-sentinel.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-server.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/redis-sentinel.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/redis.conf.5.gz
/var/lib/redis # redis数据库文件位置
/var/log/redis # redis日志文件位置
/var/run/redis
9.15.2. redis-cli使用¶
[root@centos-151 ~]# systemctl restart redis
[root@centos-151 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> help
redis-cli 3.2.10
To get help about Redis commands type:
"help @<group>" to get a list of commands in <group>
"help <command>" for help on <command>
"help <tab>" to get a list of possible help topics
"quit" to exit
To set redis-cli perferences:
":set hints" enable online hints
":set nohints" disable online hints
Set your preferences in ~/.redisclirc
Note
redis-cli的只能提示是非常完美的。
9.15.3. redis常用数据类型¶
9.15.3.1. string类型¶
127.0.0.1:6379> help @string
APPEND key value
summary: Append a value to a key # 给特定key追加一个值
since: 2.0.0
BITCOUNT key [start end]
summary: Count set bits in a string # 字符串的bits个数
since: 2.6.0
BITFIELD key [GET type offset] [SET type offset value] [INCRBY type offset increment] [OVERFLOW WRAP|SAT|FAIL]
summary: Perform arbitrary bitfield integer operations on strings
since: 3.2.0
BITOP operation destkey key [key ...]
summary: Perform bitwise operations between strings #2个字符串之间指定操作运算
since: 2.6.0
BITPOS key bit [start] [end]
summary: Find first bit set or clear in a string # 查找位置
since: 2.8.7
DECR key
summary: Decrement the integer value of a key by one # 减少值
since: 1.0.0
DECRBY key decrement
summary: Decrement the integer value of a key by the given number # 减少特定值
since: 1.0.0
GET key
summary: Get the value of a key # 获取特定的key对应值
since: 1.0.0
GETBIT key offset
summary: Returns the bit value at offset in the string value stored at key #
since: 2.2.0
GETRANGE key start end
summary: Get a substring of the string stored at a key #
since: 2.4.0
GETSET key value
summary: Set the string value of a key and return its old value
since: 1.0.0
INCR key
summary: Increment the integer value of a key by one
since: 1.0.0
INCRBY key increment
summary: Increment the integer value of a key by the given amount
since: 1.0.0
INCRBYFLOAT key increment
summary: Increment the float value of a key by the given amount
since: 2.6.0
MGET key [key ...]
summary: Get the values of all the given keys
since: 1.0.0
MSET key value [key value ...]
summary: Set multiple keys to multiple values
since: 1.0.1
MSETNX key value [key value ...]
summary: Set multiple keys to multiple values, only if none of the keys exist
since: 1.0.1
PSETEX key milliseconds value
summary: Set the value and expiration in milliseconds of a key
since: 2.6.0
SET key value [EX seconds] [PX milliseconds] [NX|XX]
summary: Set the string value of a key
since: 1.0.0
SETBIT key offset value
summary: Sets or clears the bit at offset in the string value stored at key
since: 2.2.0
SETEX key seconds value
summary: Set the value and expiration of a key
since: 2.0.0
SETNX key value
summary: Set the value of a key, only if the key does not exist
since: 1.0.0
SETRANGE key offset value
summary: Overwrite part of a string at key starting at the specified offset
since: 2.2.0
STRLEN key
summary: Get the length of the value stored in a key
since: 2.2.0
9.15.3.2. list类型¶
127.0.0.1:6379> help @list
BLPOP key [key ...] timeout
summary: Remove and get the first element in a list, or block until one is available
since: 2.0.0
BRPOP key [key ...] timeout
summary: Remove and get the last element in a list, or block until one is available
since: 2.0.0
BRPOPLPUSH source destination timeout
summary: Pop a value from a list, push it to another list and return it; or block until one is available
since: 2.2.0
LINDEX key index
summary: Get an element from a list by its index
since: 1.0.0
LINSERT key BEFORE|AFTER pivot value
summary: Insert an element before or after another element in a list
since: 2.2.0
LLEN key
summary: Get the length of a list
since: 1.0.0
LPOP key
summary: Remove and get the first element in a list
since: 1.0.0
LPUSH key value [value ...]
summary: Prepend one or multiple values to a list
since: 1.0.0
LPUSHX key value
summary: Prepend a value to a list, only if the list exists
since: 2.2.0
LRANGE key start stop
summary: Get a range of elements from a list
since: 1.0.0
LREM key count value
summary: Remove elements from a list
since: 1.0.0
LSET key index value
summary: Set the value of an element in a list by its index
since: 1.0.0
LTRIM key start stop
summary: Trim a list to the specified range
since: 1.0.0
RPOP key
summary: Remove and get the last element in a list
since: 1.0.0
RPOPLPUSH source destination
summary: Remove the last element in a list, prepend it to another list and return it
since: 1.2.0
RPUSH key value [value ...]
summary: Append one or multiple values to a list
since: 1.0.0
RPUSHX key value
summary: Append a value to a list, only if the list exists
since: 2.2.0
9.15.3.3. generic类型¶
127.0.0.1:6379> help @generic
DEL key [key ...]
summary: Delete a key
since: 1.0.0
DUMP key
summary: Return a serialized version of the value stored at the specified key.
since: 2.6.0
EXISTS key [key ...]
summary: Determine if a key exists
since: 1.0.0
EXPIRE key seconds
summary: Set a key's time to live in seconds
since: 1.0.0
EXPIREAT key timestamp
summary: Set the expiration for a key as a UNIX timestamp
since: 1.2.0
KEYS pattern
summary: Find all keys matching the given pattern
since: 1.0.0
MIGRATE host port key| destination-db timeout [COPY] [REPLACE] [KEYS key]
summary: Atomically transfer a key from a Redis instance to another one.
since: 2.6.0
MOVE key db
summary: Move a key to another database
since: 1.0.0
OBJECT subcommand [arguments [arguments ...]]
summary: Inspect the internals of Redis objects
since: 2.2.3
PERSIST key
summary: Remove the expiration from a key
since: 2.2.0
PEXPIRE key milliseconds
summary: Set a key's time to live in milliseconds
since: 2.6.0
PEXPIREAT key milliseconds-timestamp
summary: Set the expiration for a key as a UNIX timestamp specified in milliseconds
since: 2.6.0
PTTL key
summary: Get the time to live for a key in milliseconds
since: 2.6.0
RANDOMKEY -
summary: Return a random key from the keyspace
since: 1.0.0
RENAME key newkey
summary: Rename a key
since: 1.0.0
RENAMENX key newkey
summary: Rename a key, only if the new key does not exist
since: 1.0.0
RESTORE key ttl serialized-value [REPLACE]
summary: Create a key using the provided serialized value, previously obtained using DUMP.
since: 2.6.0
SCAN cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]
summary: Incrementally iterate the keys space
since: 2.8.0
SORT key [BY pattern] [LIMIT offset count] [GET pattern [GET pattern ...]] [ASC|DESC] [ALPHA] [STORE destination]
summary: Sort the elements in a list, set or sorted set
since: 1.0.0
TTL key
summary: Get the time to live for a key
since: 1.0.0
TYPE key
summary: Determine the type stored at key
since: 1.0.0
WAIT numslaves timeout
summary: Wait for the synchronous replication of all the write commands sent in the context of the current connection
since: 3.0.0
PFSELFTEST arg
summary: Help not available
since: not known
HOST: arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
GEORADIUSBYMEMBER_RO key arg arg arg arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
REPLCONF arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
ASKING arg
summary: Help not available
since: not known
PSYNC arg arg arg
summary: Help not available
since: not known
RESTORE-ASKING key arg arg arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
LATENCY arg arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
GEORADIUS_RO key arg arg arg arg arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
TOUCH key arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
POST arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
SUBSTR key arg arg arg
summary: Help not available
since: not known
PFDEBUG arg arg arg ...options...
summary: Help not available
since: not known
9.15.3.4. generic类型¶
127.0.0.1:6379> help @hash
HDEL key field [field ...]
summary: Delete one or more hash fields
since: 2.0.0
HEXISTS key field
summary: Determine if a hash field exists
since: 2.0.0
HGET key field
summary: Get the value of a hash field
since: 2.0.0
HGETALL key
summary: Get all the fields and values in a hash
since: 2.0.0
HINCRBY key field increment
summary: Increment the integer value of a hash field by the given number
since: 2.0.0
HINCRBYFLOAT key field increment
summary: Increment the float value of a hash field by the given amount
since: 2.6.0
HKEYS key
summary: Get all the fields in a hash
since: 2.0.0
HLEN key
summary: Get the number of fields in a hash
since: 2.0.0
HMGET key field [field ...]
summary: Get the values of all the given hash fields
since: 2.0.0
HMSET key field value [field value ...]
summary: Set multiple hash fields to multiple values
since: 2.0.0
HSCAN key cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]
summary: Incrementally iterate hash fields and associated values
since: 2.8.0
HSET key field value
summary: Set the string value of a hash field
since: 2.0.0
HSETNX key field value
summary: Set the value of a hash field, only if the field does not exist
since: 2.0.0
HSTRLEN key field
summary: Get the length of the value of a hash field
since: 3.2.0
HVALS key
summary: Get all the values in a hash
since: 2.0.0
9.15.3.5. sorted_set类型¶
127.0.0.1:6379> help @sorted_set
ZADD key [NX|XX] [CH] [INCR] score member [score member ...]
summary: Add one or more members to a sorted set, or update its score if it already exists
since: 1.2.0
ZCARD key
summary: Get the number of members in a sorted set
since: 1.2.0
ZCOUNT key min max
summary: Count the members in a sorted set with scores within the given values
since: 2.0.0
ZINCRBY key increment member
summary: Increment the score of a member in a sorted set
since: 1.2.0
ZINTERSTORE destination numkeys key [key ...] [WEIGHTS weight] [AGGREGATE SUM|MIN|MAX]
summary: Intersect multiple sorted sets and store the resulting sorted set in a new key
since: 2.0.0
ZLEXCOUNT key min max
summary: Count the number of members in a sorted set between a given lexicographical range
since: 2.8.9
ZRANGE key start stop [WITHSCORES]
summary: Return a range of members in a sorted set, by index
since: 1.2.0
ZRANGEBYLEX key min max [LIMIT offset count]
summary: Return a range of members in a sorted set, by lexicographical range
since: 2.8.9
ZRANGEBYSCORE key min max [WITHSCORES] [LIMIT offset count]
summary: Return a range of members in a sorted set, by score
since: 1.0.5
ZRANK key member
summary: Determine the index of a member in a sorted set
since: 2.0.0
ZREM key member [member ...]
summary: Remove one or more members from a sorted set
since: 1.2.0
ZREMRANGEBYLEX key min max
summary: Remove all members in a sorted set between the given lexicographical range
since: 2.8.9
ZREMRANGEBYRANK key start stop
summary: Remove all members in a sorted set within the given indexes
since: 2.0.0
ZREMRANGEBYSCORE key min max
summary: Remove all members in a sorted set within the given scores
since: 1.2.0
ZREVRANGE key start stop [WITHSCORES]
summary: Return a range of members in a sorted set, by index, with scores ordered from high to low
since: 1.2.0
ZREVRANGEBYLEX key max min [LIMIT offset count]
summary: Return a range of members in a sorted set, by lexicographical range, ordered from higher to lower strings.
since: 2.8.9
ZREVRANGEBYSCORE key max min [WITHSCORES] [LIMIT offset count]
summary: Return a range of members in a sorted set, by score, with scores ordered from high to low
since: 2.2.0
ZREVRANK key member
summary: Determine the index of a member in a sorted set, with scores ordered from high to low
since: 2.0.0
ZSCAN key cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]
summary: Incrementally iterate sorted sets elements and associated scores
since: 2.8.0
ZSCORE key member
summary: Get the score associated with the given member in a sorted set
since: 1.2.0
ZUNIONSTORE destination numkeys key [key ...] [WEIGHTS weight] [AGGREGATE SUM|MIN|MAX]
summary: Add multiple sorted sets and store the resulting sorted set in a new key
since: 2.0.0
9.15.3.6. set类型¶
127.0.0.1:6379> help @set
SADD key member [member ...]
summary: Add one or more members to a set
since: 1.0.0
SCARD key
summary: Get the number of members in a set
since: 1.0.0
SDIFF key [key ...]
summary: Subtract multiple sets
since: 1.0.0
SDIFFSTORE destination key [key ...]
summary: Subtract multiple sets and store the resulting set in a key
since: 1.0.0
SINTER key [key ...]
summary: Intersect multiple sets
since: 1.0.0
SINTERSTORE destination key [key ...]
summary: Intersect multiple sets and store the resulting set in a key
since: 1.0.0
SISMEMBER key member
summary: Determine if a given value is a member of a set
since: 1.0.0
SMEMBERS key
summary: Get all the members in a set
since: 1.0.0
SMOVE source destination member
summary: Move a member from one set to another
since: 1.0.0
SPOP key [count]
summary: Remove and return one or multiple random members from a set
since: 1.0.0
SRANDMEMBER key [count]
summary: Get one or multiple random members from a set
since: 1.0.0
SREM key member [member ...]
summary: Remove one or more members from a set
since: 1.0.0
SSCAN key cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]
summary: Incrementally iterate Set elements
since: 2.8.0
SUNION key [key ...]
summary: Add multiple sets
since: 1.0.0
SUNIONSTORE destination key [key ...]
summary: Add multiple sets and store the resulting set in a key
since: 1.0.0
9.15.3.7. pubsub类型¶
127.0.0.1:6379> help @pubsub
PSUBSCRIBE pattern [pattern ...]
summary: Listen for messages published to channels matching the given patterns
since: 2.0.0
PUBLISH channel message
summary: Post a message to a channel
since: 2.0.0
PUBSUB subcommand [argument [argument ...]]
summary: Inspect the state of the Pub/Sub subsystem
since: 2.8.0
PUNSUBSCRIBE [pattern [pattern ...]]
summary: Stop listening for messages posted to channels matching the given patterns
since: 2.0.0
SUBSCRIBE channel [channel ...]
summary: Listen for messages published to the given channels
since: 2.0.0
UNSUBSCRIBE [channel [channel ...]]
summary: Stop listening for messages posted to the given channels
since: 2.0.0