2.3. 2017-12-13-练习-网络¶

2.3.1. 练习1-子网划分¶

1、10.0.0.0/8划分32个子网，计算最大子网的的网络id,最大子网的可用ip范围

分析32个子网，需要5位借位
00000 000.0.0
最大的子网为
11111000.0.0/13即10.248.0.0/13
ip范围为
248.0.1-10.255.255.254

2.3.2. 练习2-网卡重命名¶

1、重名了centos6的网络名字为ens33

[root@centos6 ~]$ ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:42:6E:19
        inet addr:172.18.1.159  Bcast:172.18.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
        inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe42:6e19/64 Scope:Link
        UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
        RX packets:589 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
        TX packets:87 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
        collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
        RX bytes:44342 (43.3 KiB)  TX bytes:11667 (11.3 KiB)

[root@centos6 ~]$ vim /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
[root@centos6 ~]$ cdnet
[root@centos6 network-scripts]$ ll
total 224
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   319 Nov  9 16:17 ifcfg-eth0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   254 Jan 18  2017 ifcfg-lo
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    20 Nov  9 21:47 ifdown -> ../../../sbin/ifdown
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   627 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-bnep
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  5891 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-eth
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  6195 Mar 23  2017 ifdown-ib
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   781 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  4168 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-ipv6
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    11 Nov  9 21:47 ifdown-isdn -> ifdown-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1617 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-post
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1064 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-ppp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   835 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-routes
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1465 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-sit
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1434 Jan 18  2017 ifdown-tunnel
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    18 Nov  9 21:47 ifup -> ../../../sbin/ifup
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 13226 Oct  4 10:26 ifup-aliases
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   859 Jan 18  2017 ifup-bnep
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12119 Oct  4 10:26 ifup-eth
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 11339 Mar 23  2017 ifup-ib
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 11971 Jan 18  2017 ifup-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10490 Jan 18  2017 ifup-ipv6
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     9 Nov  9 21:47 ifup-isdn -> ifup-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   727 Jan 18  2017 ifup-plip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   954 Jan 18  2017 ifup-plusb
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  2527 Jan 18  2017 ifup-post
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  4154 Jan 18  2017 ifup-ppp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1925 Jan 18  2017 ifup-routes
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  3289 Jan 18  2017 ifup-sit
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  2563 Jan 18  2017 ifup-tunnel
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  4011 Jan 18  2017 ifup-wireless
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  4623 Jan 18  2017 init.ipv6-global
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1219 Jan 18  2017 net.hotplug
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15360 Oct  4 10:26 network-functions
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 29857 Jan 18  2017 network-functions-ipv6
[root@centos6 network-scripts]$ mv ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-ens33
[root@centos6 network-scripts]$ sed -i 's@eth0@ens33@g' ifcfg-ens33
[root@centos6 network-scripts]$ cat ifcfg-ens33
DEVICE=ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=78658f7b-18ae-4581-a5b1-50acd8983e99
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
#BOOTPROTO=static

#IPADDR=192.168.27.129
#NETMASK=255.255.255.0
#GATEWAY=192.168.27.1

HWADDR=00:0C:29:42:6E:19
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
IPV6INIT=no
NAME="System ens33"
[root@centos6 network-scripts]$ (modprobe -r e1000; modprobe e1000)
[root@centos6 network-scripts]$ ifconfig ens33
ens33     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:42:6E:19
        inet addr:172.18.1.159  Bcast:172.18.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
        inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe42:6e19/64 Scope:Link
        UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
        RX packets:464 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
        TX packets:46 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
        collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
        RX bytes:33301 (32.5 KiB)  TX bytes:6186 (6.0 KiB)

2.3.3. 练习3-路由配置¶

1、3个路由器，2个主机，确保各个ip之间都是互通的。

绘图分析网络
5个机器，每个机器根据情况设置网卡个数，并设置网络区域，其中3个充当路由器
禁用所有防火墙和selinux。并启用路由器的转发功能
设置ip
根据网络设置路由
测试